Jan. 5 is National Bird Day and Illinois has good reason to celebrate. Though some may take these feathery fauna for granted, birds are a key part of Illinois’ environment and deserve recognition.

As of 2024 there are 457 bird species in Illinois, of which 29 bird species are on the state threatened and endangered list. Birds make up several key niches in the ecosystem and are an important part of the food chain. Illinois has taken steps to protect her bird species with programs like the Illinois Beach State Park Shoreline Stabilization project on Lake Michigan. As a part of protecting the stability of the shoreline ecosystem, the project creates new potential nesting sites for three types of coastal bird species: the piping plover, common tern and Caspian tern. 

But it’s not just people from northern Illinois who appreciate birds. There are bird watching groups in the Metro East that flock to the Mississippi River every year to view bald eagles on the limestone bluffs. Hundreds of American Bald Eagles come through the Alton/Grafton area every winter and can be seen during special eagle watching programs.

Finally, National Bird Day cannot be complete without mention of the Illinois state bird, the cardinal. The males’ bright red plumage gives them away and they are often the first to visit feeders in the morning. Illinois was the first of seven states to adopt the cardinal as their state bird and it can be seen commonly statewide. The cardinal was selected by Illinois schoolchildren from a list of potential candidates in 1929.